The essay “More and More International Military Engagements by the United Nations: Is the World Moving towards Peace?” appeared in the CSS 2017 essay paper and was published on CSSPrepForum after an expert review by Sir Syed Kazim Ali, Pakistan’s leading CSS and PMS English essay mentor. This essay critically evaluates the UN’s conflict resolution role, highlighting its achievements and shortcomings. While the organization has prevented large-scale wars, its failures in Rwanda, Palestine, and Syria raise concerns about its effectiveness. Thus, renowned for his exceptional student success rate, Sir Kazim ensures that every essay on CSSPrepForum meets the highest academic standards, making it an invaluable resource for aspirants.
Concise Overview Grasping the Essay’s Essence
This essay analyzes the effectiveness of the United Nations (UN) in increasing international military engagements to promote global peace and security. While the UN Security Council (UNSC) considers these interventions essential for stability, many instances, particularly in African, Asian, and Middle Eastern countries, suggest that such military actions have thus failed to achieve their objectives, sometimes worsening conflicts instead.
Background of the UN’s Peacekeeping Role
To begin with, this essay discusses how, since 1945, the UN has aimed to maintain peace and security worldwide. Over the decades, it has undertaken military engagements to stabilize post-conflict regions, protect civilians, and assist in political transitions. However, the effectiveness of these interventions remains debatable due to geopolitical complexities and resource limitations.
Failures of UN Military Engagements
Notably, this essay analyzes one of the most significant failures, the Rwanda Genocide (1994), where – despite the presence of UN peacekeepers – approximately 800,000 people were killed in three months. Furthermore, the UN failed in Afghanistan, as decades of military involvement did not establish lasting peace or safeguard civil rights.
In addition, this essay explains how, in Palestine, the UN has been unable to prevent illegal occupation; systemic violence; and displacement of Palestinians. Likewise, in Syria, over 400,000 people have been killed, and five million have become refugees, yet the UN has not succeeded in ensuring stability.
Moreover, this essay discusses how the Sudan peacekeeping mission also failed as the deployment of 7,000 soldiers and 2,000 police officers could not prevent a devastating civil war. Similarly, the South China Sea dispute remains unresolved despite the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which has been criticized for granting unfair advantages to certain nations.
Likewise, this essay analyzes how the UN has not been able to settle the Kashmir dispute, leading to continuous border conflicts between India and Pakistan since 1948. Lastly, in Libya, the UN’s unauthorized interventions post-Gaddafi have escalated violence instead of restoring peace.
Reasons for UN Failures
Stepping ahead, this essay explains that a major factor behind these failures is the misuse of veto power, which allows powerful nations to block actions that do not align with their political interests. Additionally, the self-interest of superpowers often takes precedence over global peace efforts, thus leading to biased interventions or inaction in critical situations.
Opponents’ Views About Maxim
On the other hand, this essay discusses how some argue that the UN’s military engagements have prevented a Third World War by containing conflicts. However, the continued presence of genocide; violence; and prolonged conflicts in various regions suggests otherwise. Similarly, others claim that the UN has successfully countered terrorism, but violent extremism has continued to rise worldwide, proving these efforts inadequate.
Recommendations for Improvement
Before ending the essay, this essay suggests some recommendations to address these challenges. The UN must reform the veto system to prevent misuse, foster greater accountability to ensure peacekeeping missions are conducted responsibly and implement systemic changes to improve decision-making processes.
In synopsis, while the UN’s military engagements are intended to promote global peace, their failures highlight the urgent need for reforms. Thus, addressing issues like veto power misuse, political bias, and accountability would be crucial for the UN to maintain international peace and security.
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