The essay “The One Who Controls the Sea, Rules the World”, featured in the CSS 2026 essay paper, is now published on CSSPrepForum after a meticulous review by Sir Syed Kazim Ali, Pakistan’s leading CSS and PMS English essay mentor, renowned for his exceptional success rate among competitive aspirants. Undoubtedly, this essay persuasively argues that maritime dominance has historically remained the cornerstone of global power, economic supremacy, and strategic security. It critically highlights how control over sea lanes, naval strength, and maritime trade determines geopolitical influence in the contemporary international system, with special reference to emerging powers and Pakistan’s strategic maritime potential. Hence, by publishing this essay on CSSPrepForum, Sir Kazim aims to train CSS aspirants in presenting complex global issues through logical argumentation, coherent structure, and exam-oriented analytical depth, making it a valuable resource for CSS essay preparation, competitive exams, and high-scoring English essays.
Essay Summary and Main Concepts Explained
The essay “The One Who Controls the Sea, Rules the World” emphasizes that, despite economic strength, technological advancement, or ideological influence marking global supremacy, maritime dominance remains the true measure of world power. Indeed, the control of the seas ensures uninterrupted trade, strategic military superiority, and far-reaching geopolitical influence, making naval power a cornerstone of global leadership even in the 21st century.
Historically, maritime power has shaped world politics, with empires like the British establishing global dominance through strong navies and control over trade routes. Moreover, the essay traces the evolution of naval warfare, from early fleets safeguarding coastlines to modern naval operations projecting power across oceans. Over time, the proficiency of seas became not only a military necessity but also a decisive factor in economic prosperity, political alliances, and territorial expansion.
In addition, oceans remain central to global trade, as over 80 percent of international commerce relies on maritime routes. The essay highlights that sea control facilitates economic connectivity, energy security, and resilience during crises, with critical chokepoints like the Hormuz and Malacca Straits playing pivotal roles in sustaining global supply chains. Thus, naval supremacy allows nations to protect shipping lanes, respond to emergencies, and ensure the uninterrupted flow of goods and resources, making maritime power indispensable for national and global stability.
In the 21st century, the strategic significance of seas has been renewed by rising geopolitical competition. Although some argue that air power, cyber warfare, economic globalization, or nuclear deterrence have eclipsed the importance of naval control, the essay systematically refutes these claims. Specifically, air and cyber capabilities still depend on secure maritime infrastructure, global economies require sea-borne trade, and nuclear submarines enhance rather than diminish the strategic value of naval supremacy. Thus, sea control remains foundational to modern security and economic resilience.
Furthermore, the essay demonstrates that controlling the seas ensures military reach, geopolitical leverage, and economic stability. For instance, nations with strong navies can project power far beyond borders, shape alliances, and safeguard energy shipments. Notably, case studies, including the British Empire, the United States, and China, illustrate how maritime supremacy enabled past empires to dominate the world, sustains contemporary global leadership, and fuels emerging powers’ ambitions for influence.
In conclusion, the essay argues that naval power remains the backbone of global dominance. By controlling maritime trade routes, strategic chokepoints, and naval assets, nations secure economic resilience, military deterrence, and geopolitical influence. As history and contemporary trends confirm, nations that command the seas hold the keys to global leadership, proving that maritime supremacy remains central to the pursuit and maintenance of world power.
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