The essay “The War on Terror Has Contributed to the Growing Abuse of Human Rights” appeared in the CSS 2015 essay paper and was later published on CSSPrepForum after a thorough evaluation by Sir Syed Kazim Ali, Pakistan’s leading CSS and PMS English writing mentor. It critically examines how counterterrorism measures post-9/11 have intensified human rights violations, leading to mass displacement, restricted freedoms, and unfair legal practices. The essay highlights the erosion of civil liberties, including free speech and due process, while advocating for legal reforms and accountability to safeguard human rights amid security challenges.
Breaking Down the Main Points of the Essay
This essay analyzes the consequences of the Global War on Terror, which began after the September 11, 2001, attacks. While intended to eliminate terrorism, this war has significantly contributed to human rights abuses on national, regional, and international levels. It highlights how counterterrorism measures have led to mass displacement, suppression of freedoms, and environmental destruction, raising concerns about the long-term impact of such policies.
National-Level Violations
At the national level, the War on Terror has caused mass displacement, with military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq forcing nearly 38 million people from their homes, as reported by the Costs of War Project. Additionally, fundamental rights, such as fair trials, have been compromised, with detention centers like Guantanamo Bay holding individuals without due process. Furthermore, this essay highlights how freedom of speech has suffered, particularly in Afghanistan, where journalists have been targeted, which leads to forced evacuations and suppression of independent reporting.
Regional-Level Violations
Regionally, the influx of refugees has immensely burdened neighboring countries. Pakistan alone has accommodated over 100,000 refugees, straining its economy and infrastructure. Additionally, the rise of militant groups in border areas has severely disrupted access to education, as seen in the attack on Malala Yousafzai. Thus, the essay also discusses the rise of hybrid warfare, where misinformation and digital propaganda are increasingly used to manipulate public perception and destabilize societies.
International-Level Violations
On an international scale, the essay highlights the environmental damage caused by military conflicts, such as the burning of oil wells in Iraq in 2003, which led to severe air pollution. Afghan students face scholarship restrictions due to security concerns, and educational opportunities have also been affected. Moreover, the discussion underscores the inconsistency in global responses to human rights violations, as seen in the contrasting reactions to the Palestine conflict and the 9/11 attacks.
To address these issues, the essay emphasizes the need for strong legal protections to uphold human rights even during war. Empowering women and youth through education can help prevent extremism while addressing the root causes of terrorism – economic disparity and political instability – can lead to lasting solutions. Additionally, rehabilitation programs for war victims and strict accountability for human rights violations are crucial. Hence, strengthening international cooperation, including intelligence sharing and diplomatic efforts, can also play a key role in preventing further abuses.
In conclusion, while the War on Terror was launched to enhance global security, it has inadvertently contributed to severe human rights violations. This essay highlights the importance of prioritizing justice, human rights, and long-term peacebuilding efforts to mitigate the unintended consequences of counterterrorism policies.
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